A tracheostomy is a surgically created hole through the neck. When the patient is having difficulty breathing on his/her own because of an existing condition or obstruction, this procedure will allow breathing to be assisted.
How a tracheostomy is performed
A tracheostomy is usually performed while the patient is under anesthesia. By making an incision through the skin on the neck and into the windpipe (trachea), a tracheostomy tube, made of plastic, is placed into the trachea. The breathing tube is then connected to a breathing machine that provides the patient with oxygen. Sutures are then used to close the incision and secure the tube at the site.
Risks
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Injury to nerves
- Damage to the thyroid gland
- Scarring of the trachea
Goals of a tracheostomy
- Assist breathing
- Provide more oxygen to the lungs
